A double count was identified associated with the consumption of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and other petroleum gas (OPG) in gas separation plant and petroleum refining. The double count has been removed from the refineries source resulting in a decrease in total emissions.

The carbon emission factor used for LPG has been revised downwards by 9%. This arose from a comparison of the previous factor with those used in the petroleum industry for propane and butane, the major constituents of LPG.

The carbon emission factor used for cement production has been increased by 2% to account for cement kiln dust losses. The increase is based on the IPCC (2000) default factor.

CO₂ emissions from land use change have been revised. In particular there has been a reassessment and improvement of estimates of equilibrium soil carbon in Scottish soils.

The gross calorific value used for poultry litter combustion has been revised downwards by 11% (DTI, 2000). This gives rise to a small change in emissions.

A double count was identified associated with the consumption of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and other petroleum gas (OPG) in gas separation plant and petroleum refining. The double count has been removed from the refineries source resulting in a small decrease in total emissions.

The allocation of coal consumed by cement production has been revised downwards, this gives a small decrease in methane emissions.

More appropriate emission factors have been applied to military aircraft, resulting in a small change.

There has been a significant increase in emissions from deep mines from 1993-98. The new emission factors are based on measurements taken on miines in 1998 and 1999. The previous emission factors were based on a survey taken in 1993.

The emission factors for fugitive emissions from coke and patent fuel production have been updated and give rise to smaller emissions.

Onshore loading emissions have increased slightly due to the addition of a terminal not included in data prior to 1998.

Emissions from natural gas transmission have been revised upwards from 1997-98. The new estimates are taken from a new model developed by Transco (2000). The previous estimates were based on their earlier model (British Gas, 1993). The earlier model is still appropriate for the period 1990-96.

The inventory now reports emissions of NMVOC from gasification processes. These refer to processes in the gas industry other than those in terminals. The estimates are derived from the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000).

Additional process emissions from the chemical industry have been included in the inventory. The emissions are based on the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000).

There have been minor increases in reported methane emissions from wastewater handling in 1996-98. This is due to a revision in the sewage production per head of population over this period.

The gross calorific value used for poultry litter combustion has been revised downwards by 11% (DTI, 2000). This gives rise to a small change in emissions.

A double count was identified associated with the consumption of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and other petroleum gas (OPG) in gas separation plant and petroleum refining. The double count has been removed from the refineries source resulting in a small decrease in total emissions.

There has been a small increase in N2O emissions due to a revision in the emission factor used for offshore gas usage.

In the 1999 Inventory the off-road equipment and machinery population data has been revised based on a new survey (OHRL, 2000). This has resulted in increased estimates of the consumption of gas oil and petrol by these sources. Lower emission factors from 1998 onwards are used to reflect new regulations on emissions from new equipment.

The allocation of coal to cement production has been revised downwards. This however means that the allocation of coal to other industries has increased. This gives a small increase in N₂O due to the use of different emission factors.

There have been revisions to the nitric acid time series both of emission factors and of activity data. Most operators now report nitrous oxide emissions and these data were extrapolated back to 1990 based on the respective production capacities of the plant.

The emissions factors for N₂O from sewage sludge and municipal solid waste incineration have been revised in accordance with IPCC (2000). The emission factor for sewage has increased and that for MSW decreased. Emissions however remain small.

N₂O emissions from wastewater treatment have been revised to correct an error in the protein consumption per head data used. The methodology is unchanged but emissions have increased significantly.

The gross calorific value used for poultry litter combustion has been revised downwards by 11% (DTI, 2000). This gives rise to a small change in emissions.

In the 1999 Inventory the off-road equipment and machinery population data has been revised based on a new survey (OHRL, 2000). This has resulted in increased estimates of the consumption of gas oil and petrol by these sources. Lower emission factors from 1998 onwards are used to reflect new regulations on emissions from new equipment.

More appropriate emission factors have been applied to military aircraft, resulting in a small change.

The emission factors for fugitive emissions from coke and patent fuel production have been updated and give rise to increased emissions.

Additional process emissions from the chemical industry have been included in the inventory. The emissions are based on the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000).

Some new sources of carbon monoxide from non-ferrous metal production have been included in the inventory. These relate specifically to secondary lead and secondary copper production and other non-ferrous metal processes. The estimates are based on the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000).

Emissions of CO from cremation and clinical incineration are reported for the first time.

The gross calorific value used for poultry litter combustion has been revised downwards by 11% (DTI, 2000). This gives rise to a small change in emissions.

A double count was identified associated with the consumption of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and other petroleum gas (OPG) in gas separation plant and petroleum refining. The double count has been removed from the refineries source resulting in a decrease in total emissions.

The emission factor for fuel oil in refineries has been revised downwards for the years 1992-99. This is to account for the use of low NO_x burners in refinery large combustion plant.

In the 1999 Inventory the off-road equipment and machinery population data has been revised based on a new survey (OHRL, 2000). This has resulted in increased estimates of the consumption of gas oil and petrol by these sources. Lower emission factors from 1998 onwards are used to reflect new regulations on emissions from new equipment.

More appropriate emission factors have been applied to military aircraft, resulting in a small change.

The emission factors for fugitive emissions from coke and patent fuel production have been updated and give rise to increased emissions.

There have been revisions to the nitric acid time series both of emission factors and of activity data. The more complete activity data has allowed the NO_x emissions to be estimated with increased certainty.

Emission factors from electric arc furnaces have been revised based on data reported in the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000). Emissions have increased significantly.

Emissions of NO_x from cremation and clinical incineration are reported for the first time.

The gross calorific value used for poultry litter combustion has been revised downwards by 11% (DTI, 2000). This gives rise to a small change in emissions.

The emission factor for fuel oil in refineries has been revised downwards for the years 1992-99. The fuel oil burnt in refineries has a lower sulphur content than that sold outside of refineries.

There has been an increase in SO₂ emissions from coal combustion in other industries. This results from the use of a lower estimate of the coal consumed by cement kilns. Coal combustion in cement kilns has a lower SO₂ emission per tonne than in boilers, hence by reallocating coal from kilns to industrial boilers, emissions are increased.

The emission factors for fugitive emissions from coke and patent fuel production have been updated and give rise to increased emissions.

Emission factors from electric arc furnaces have been revised based on data reported in the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000). Emissions have increased significantly.

Additional process emissions from the chemical industry have been included in the inventory. The emissions are based on the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000).

Emissions of SO₂ from cremation and clinical incineration are reported for the first time.

The gross calorific value used for poultry litter combustion has been revised downwards by 11% (DTI, 2000). This gives rise to a small change in emissions.

A double count was identified associated with the consumption of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and other petroleum gas (OPG) in gas separation plant and petroleum refining. The double count has been removed from the refineries source resulting in a small decrease in total emissions.

In the 1999 Inventory the off-road equipment and machinery population data has been revised based on a new survey (OHRL, 2000). This has resulted in increased estimates of the consumption of gas oil and petrol by these sources. Lower emission factors from 1998 onwards are used to reflect new regulations on emissions from new equipment.

More appropriate emission factors have been applied to military aircraft, resulting in a small change.

Revisions to the emission factors used for deep mined coal have been made in light of recently available data.

The emission factors for fugitive emissions from coke and patent fuel production have been updated and give rise to smaller emissions.

Onshore loading emissions have increased slightly due to the addition of a terminal not included in data prior to 1998.

The methodology for calculating fugitive emissions from storage and loading at petrol terminals is now more detailed.

The inventory now reports emissions of NMVOC from petroleum processes. This refers to NMVOC emissions from specialist refining, bitumen refining and onshore oil fields are now included (estimates being derived from the Pollution Inventory).

Emission factors from electric arc furnaces have been revised based on data reported in the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000). Emissions have reduced.

A new source of NMVOC from ship purging has been added.

Emissions of NMVOC from the food industry have been reduced slightly. The specific sources are bread baking and sugar production and emission factors have been reduced based on industry advice. The new factors replace CORINAIR defaults and are derived from the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency, 2000).

Emissions of NMVOC from cremation and clinical incineration are reported for the first time.

The emission estimates for NH₃ have been restructured to allow clearer allocation into the CORINAIR reporting format.

Data from the Pollution Inventory (Environment Agency) has been used to improve the emission estimates from a number of non-agricultural source sectors. In particular emission estimates for a number of industrial processes including the organic and inoprganic chemical industries, have been incorporated.

One of the most significant revisions has been to the emissions from horses. This has been based on data published by Sutton et al (2000b) and results in a significant increase. A number of other smaller sources have been revised, based on the same publication.

With the exception of the emissions from horses, the revisions that have been made to the non-agricultural sectors result in a relatively small impact on the total NH₃ emission total when compared to the agricultural emissions. The agricultural emissions have been taken from the NH₃ agricultural emissions inventory, provided by MAFF (now a part of DEFRA) as for previous years.

Some re-categorisation of emission sources has occurred, both to give a greater level of detail and also to clarify which processes are included in each source. PM₁₀ emissions from the following sources have been estimated separately for the first time in the 1999 inventory:

Non-ferrous metals (secondary lead)

Chemical industry

All of the new data are based on emissions reported in the Pollution Inventory.

In addition, emissions of PM₁₀ from glass processes have been estimated from the first time using emission factors taken from the European IPPC Bureau’s report on the glass manufacturing industry (EIPPCB, 2000) Full reference is EIPPC, Reference Document on the Glass Manufacturing Industries, October 2000

The allocation of coal to cement production has been revised downwards. This however means that the allocation of coal to other industries has increased. This gives an increase in PM₁₀ emissions from other industries combustion.

Emissions of PM₁₀ from cremation and clinical incineration are reported for the first time.

There have been a number of revisions to the emissions from the Aluminium producing industries. In particular emissions of BaP have been revised using more reliable data.

More data has become available on wood combustion in the domestic sector. The emission factors from these measurements have been incoprporated into a number of the POP emission estimates.

A previously uncharacterised source was included in the chromium inventory. This is a specialist chemical manufacturing process that produces chromium-based chemicals.

Some re-categorisation of emission sources has occurred, both to give a greater level of detail and also to clarify which processes are included in each source. Heavy metal emissions from the following sources have been estimated separately for the first time in the 1999 inventory:

Non-ferrous metals (nickel production)

Non-ferrous metals (other non-ferrous metals)

Chemical industry

In addition, emission estimates have been made for a wider range of pollutants for the following sectors

Non-ferrous metals (secondary lead)

Non-ferrous metals (primary lead/zinc)

All of the new data are based on emissions reported in the Pollution Inventory.

The emission estimates for the glass industry have been revised. Previous estimates have been based on relatively old German emissions data. The emission factors have now been revised to take into account more recent emissions data from Rentz et al, 1997 (Rentz, O., Sasse, H., Karl, U., Schleef, H.-J., Dorn, R., Emission Control at Stationary Sources in the Federal Republic of Germany, Volume 2 - Heavy Metal Emission Control, Umweltbundesamt, Report No. 98-001/2e, January 1997

The heavy metal content of fuel oil has been revised. The most significant impact of this improvement is on the combustion emissions from refineries.

The allocation of coal to cement production has been revised downwards. This however means that the allocation of coal to other industries has increased. This gives an increase in heavy metal emissions from other industries.